5 Letter Words Ending In A P E – The chimpanzee (/ tʃ ɪ m p æ n ˈ z i / ; Pan troglodytes), also known as the chimpanzee, is a beautiful animal of the forests and savannahs of Africa. It has four recognized subspecies and a proposed fifth subspecies. While its close relative, the bonobo, is often called the pygmy chimpanzee, this species is often called the chimpanzee or the mighty chimpanzee. Chimpanzee and bonobo are the same species of Gus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing suggests that Pan is the sister taxon to humans and a close relative of humans. The chimpanzee is covered with coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms, and feet. It is larger and stronger than the bonobo, weighing 40–70 kg (88–154 lb) in males and 27–50 kg (60–110 lb) in females and standing 150 cm (4 ft 11 in ).
Chimpanzees live in large groups of 15 to 150 members, although individuals travel and forage in smaller groups during the day. Animals in a strict male-dominated hierarchy, where most conflicts are resolved without violence. Almost all chimpanzees are recorded as using tools, shaping sticks, stones, grass and leaves and using them to hunt and get honey, termites, ants, nuts and water. The species has also been found to produce sharp blades for small spears. Her gestation period is eight months. A child is weaned at the age of three years, but usually has a good relationship with his mother for several years.
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The chimpanzee is listed on the IUCN Red List as an endangered species. It is estimated that there are 170,000-300,000 people in its range. The biggest threats to chimpanzees are habitat loss, poaching and disease. Chimpanzees appear in Western popular culture as stereotypical clown characters, and have appeared in, for example, chimpanzee tea parties, circus acts, and stage shows. Although many chimpanzees are kept as pets, their strength, aggressiveness and indecisiveness make them dangerous in this role. Some crops are kept in laboratories for research, especially in the United States. Many attempts have been made to teach chimpanzees languages, such as American Sign Language, without success.
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The name Gus Pan comes from the Greek gods, while the special name troglodytes is tak from the Troglodytae, a mythical race of cave dwellers.
The first beauty known to Western science in the 17th century was the “orang-outang” (gus Pongo), whose Malay name in Java was recorded by the Dutch physician Jacobus Bontius. In 1641, the Dutch doctor Nicolaes Tulp applied the name to a chimpanzee or bonobo brought to the Netherlands from Angola.
Another Dutch zoologist, Peter Camper, cut specimens from Central Africa and Southeast Asia in the 1770s and noted the differences between African and Asian monkeys. The German naturalist Johann Friedrich Blumbach classified the chimpanzee as Simia troglodytes from 1775. Another German naturalist, Lorz Ok, coined gus Pan in 1816. It was not until 1933 that the bonobo was recognized as a the isolated chimpanzee.
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The relationship between monkeys. Leg lengths are a measure of evolutionary divergence. Based on a gome-sequencing study by the Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. Photo by Yousaf et al. In 2021,
Despite the large number of Homo fossils found, Pan fossils were not described until 2005. Currently the chimpanzee populations in West and Central Africa do not overlap with the human fossils in the east. came to Africa, but now chimpanzee fossils have been reported by Kya. This suggests that humans and members of the Pan clade were still living in the East African Rift Valley during the Middle Pleistocene.
According to a study published in 2017 by George Washington University researchers, bonobos and chimpanzees diverged from the human lineage about 8 million years ago; Moreover, bonobos diverged from the chimpanzee lineage about 2 million years ago.
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Another study from 2017 shows a negative ge flow (understanding) between 200 and 550 thousand years ago from bonobos to the ancestors of the central and eastern chimpanzees.
The DNA sequences of humans and chimpanzees are very similar and the differences in proteins are mostly due to the incomplete sequence of the chimpanzee. The two types differ by approximately 35 million single nucleotide changes, five million insertions/deletions, and multiple chromosomal rearrangements.
Human and chimpanzee protein homologues differ by only two amino acids in the middle. About 30% of all human proteins are similar to the corresponding proteins. Duplications of small numbers of chromosomes are the main difference between human and chimpanzee genetic material; approximately 2.7% of the modern genomes correspond to differences resulting from ge duplications or deletions since humans and chimpanzees diverged from their evolutionary ancestors.
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In particular, some individuals can be extremely tall, standing over 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) between legs and weighing up to 136 kg (300 lb) in captivity.
A chimpanzee is stronger than a bonobo, but less so than a gorilla. A chimpanzee’s arms are longer than its legs and can reach below the knees. Both hands have long fingers, thumbs and flat nails. The feet are adapted for handling and the big toe is different. The pelvis is long, with an external iliac crest. The head of the chimpanzee is rounded, with a prominent and foreboding face and a different face. It has forward facing eyes, a small nose, non-lobed ears and a long lip. Also, older males have sharp canines. Chimpanzees lack the sagittal crest of gorillas and the head and neck muscles.
A chimpanzee’s body is covered with coarse hair, except for the face, fingers, toes, palms, and feet. Chimpanzees lose more hair as they age and develop dandruff. Chimpanzee hair is usually black, but can be brown or ginger. As they get older, white or gray patches may appear, especially on the chin and back. The skin can vary from light to dark, although women develop red skin that swells when exposed to heat.
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Like bonobos and gorillas, chimpanzees move on all fours with knuckle walking, which probably evolved independently in Pan and Gorilla.
Their body strength is about 1.5 times that of humans, due to a greater number of fast muscles, one of the chimpanzee adaptations for climbing and swinging.
According to Japan’s Asahiyama Zoo, an adult chimpanzee’s holding power is approximately 200 kg (440 lb).
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The chimpanzee is a very adaptable species. It lives in a variety of habitats, including dry forest, tropical rainforest, montane forest, tropical rainforest, and dry forest-savanna mosaic.
In Bossou, chimpanzee in a multistage secondary deciduous forest that has grown after changing cultivation, as well as in the primary forest and grass.
A chimpanzee builds a nest in a tree in a different place every night, and does not use the same nest more than once. Chimpanzees sleep alone in separate rooms, except for babies or young chimpanzees who sleep with their mothers.
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The chimpanzee is an omnivorous fruit eater. It prefers fruit over all other nutrients, but also eats leaves, leaf buds, seeds, flowers, stems, pith, bark and resin.
Research in Uganda’s Budongo Forest found that 64.5% of their feeding time was focused on fruits (of which 84.6% were ripe), especially on two species of Ficus, Maesopsis eminii and Celtis gomphophylla. In addition, 19% of feeding time is spent on foliage, mainly Broussonetia papyrifera and Celtis mildbraedii.
Although mostly herbivorous, the chimpanzee eats honey, dirt, insects, birds and their eggs, and small and medium-sized animals, as well as other animals.
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The colobus monkey is at the top of the most popular animals. Other animals include red-tailed monkeys, yellow baboons and baby yellow baboons, bush babies, blue duikers, bushbucks and many warthogs.
Despite the fact that chimpanzees know how to hunt and gather insects and other invertebrates, such as food make up a small part of their diet, from only 2% a year to for 65 grams of meat per day. every adult chimpanzee during peak hunting season. This also varies from batch to batch and from year to year. However, in any case, most of their food consists of fruits, leaves, roots and other plants.
Jane Goodall has written many times in Gombe Stream National Park that chimpanzees and western colobus monkeys ignore each other even in close proximity.
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Chimpanzees do not appear to compete directly with gorillas in areas where they overlap. When there is a lot of fruit, the gorilla and chimpanzee food converge, but when fruit is not enough, the gorillas rely on plants.
A chimpanzee named “Gregoire” on December 9, 2006, born in 1944 (Jane Goodall Sanctuary in Tchimpounga, Republic of the Congo)
The average lifespan of a chimpanzee in the wild is short, usually less than 15 years, although 12-year-olds can live for another 15 years. In rare cases, wild chimpanzees can live almost 60 years. Captive chimpanzees live longer than most chimpanzees in the wild, with an average lifespan of 31.7 years for males and 38.7 years for females.
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